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Diabetic nephropathy, or kidney disease, is a serious complication of Type 2 diabetes. The disease affects over 100 million people worldwide and is a major cause of kidney failure. When the kidneys function abnormally blood levels of potassium increase, making diabetics lose their normal healthy appetites. Protein is lost through their urine, and this can eventually create protein deficiency. Blood pressure can increase, causing further problems for the kidneys, heart, and blood vessels. Researchers at King's College in London looked at a part of the cell called the mitochondrion to learn whether damage to it could be involved in diabetic kidney disease. The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is the powerhouse of the cell. It performs biochemical reactions to give the cell the energy it needs to live and function. In a study reported on in the journal EBioMedicine in April 2015, investigators grew kidney cells from diabetics who had no sign of kidney disease, and cells from healthy nondiabetics. The cells were grown in either a normal growth medium or in a high-sugar environment. Blood taken from both the diabetic participants and the healthy controls were then analyzed... blood taken from the diabetics contained more DNA from their mitochondria than did blood taken from the nondiabetics. Kidney cells put into a high-sugar growth medium grew more mitochondrial DNA within 24 hours of being given a sugar overdose. The new DNA in the cells and the surplus DNA in the diabetic's blood was found to be damaged... cells raised in a high-sugar environment had broken mitochondria, and the diabetic's mitochondria had difficulty taking in nourishment. From these results, it was concluded damaged mitochondria from high blood sugar levels could be involved in causing kidney damage. They suggest further studies to test their hypothesis. Type 2 diabetics are regularly screened for albumin, a type of protein, in the urine. If albumin is present, or if kidney disease is suspected for other reasons, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine are measured, to learn whether the kidney is clearing waste products adequately. A biopsy, in which a small sample of a kidney is removed, can show abnormalities under a microscope giving a final diagnosis. When a diagnosis has been made, if the condition has progressed to kidney failure, artificial kidney dialysis or kidney transplant may be required. As our knowledge increases, new methods of treatment will undoubtedly help cure kidney disease and prevent failure. In the meantime, control your blood sugar and body weight with a healthful diet, exercise, and medications if and when prescribed. Although managing your disease can be very challenging, Type 2 diabetes is not a condition you must just live with. You can make simple changes to your daily routine and lower both your weight and your blood sugar levels. Hang in there, the longer you do it, the easier it gets. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/9143929
